Abstract
This study investigates the influence of a social cooperative attitude on efforts to combat bribery within organizations, examining gender as a moderating variable. Employing an explanatory sequential mixed-method design, the research first gathered quantitative data from 665 employees working in the accounting and financial departments of manufacturing companies in China through online surveys. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was applied to test the research hypotheses and explore the relationships among key constructs. The results indicate that a social cooperative attitude significantly and positively impacts employees’ ability to resist and combat unethical behaviors, such as bribery, in the workplace. Moreover, the study reveals that gender acts as a significant moderator in this dynamic: women demonstrate a greater role in mitigating unethical attitudes among employees compared to men. This emphasizes the necessity of considering gender when developing ethical interventions and organizational policies. Future research should be conducted across various regions and sectors to enhance the generalizability of the findings. The insights provided by this study provide beneficial advice to organizational leaders and policymakers in both the private and public sectors. It emphasizes the need to enhance ethical controls and promote an organizational culture grounded in gender equality, aiming to foster positive employee attitudes and behaviors. Ultimately, such strategies can strengthen ethical standards and reduce the likelihood of bribery and other forms of unethical conduct in organizations.
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APA 7th edition
In-text citation: (Liu et al., 2026)
Reference: Liu, Y., Zhong, J., Xiong, R., & Junaidi, J. (2026). Does gender matter in combating corruption? A comparative analysis of Chinese manufacturing companies.
Feminist Encounters: A Journal of Critical Studies in Culture and Politics, 10(2), Article 32.
https://doi.org/10.20897/femenc/19324
AMA 10th edition
In-text citation: (1), (2), (3), etc.
Reference: Liu Y, Zhong J, Xiong R, Junaidi J. Does gender matter in combating corruption? A comparative analysis of Chinese manufacturing companies.
Feminist Encounters: A Journal of Critical Studies in Culture and Politics. 2026;10(2), 32.
https://doi.org/10.20897/femenc/19324
Chicago
In-text citation: (Liu et al., 2026)
Reference: Liu, Yaoping, Jiacheng Zhong, Rong Xiong, and Junaidi Junaidi. "Does gender matter in combating corruption? A comparative analysis of Chinese manufacturing companies".
Feminist Encounters: A Journal of Critical Studies in Culture and Politics 2026 10 no. 2 (2026): 32.
https://doi.org/10.20897/femenc/19324
Harvard
In-text citation: (Liu et al., 2026)
Reference: Liu, Y., Zhong, J., Xiong, R., and Junaidi, J. (2026). Does gender matter in combating corruption? A comparative analysis of Chinese manufacturing companies.
Feminist Encounters: A Journal of Critical Studies in Culture and Politics, 10(2), 32.
https://doi.org/10.20897/femenc/19324
MLA
In-text citation: (Liu et al., 2026)
Reference: Liu, Yaoping et al. "Does gender matter in combating corruption? A comparative analysis of Chinese manufacturing companies".
Feminist Encounters: A Journal of Critical Studies in Culture and Politics, vol. 10, no. 2, 2026, 32.
https://doi.org/10.20897/femenc/19324
Vancouver
In-text citation: (1), (2), (3), etc.
Reference: Liu Y, Zhong J, Xiong R, Junaidi J. Does gender matter in combating corruption? A comparative analysis of Chinese manufacturing companies. Feminist Encounters: A Journal of Critical Studies in Culture and Politics. 2026;10(2):32.
https://doi.org/10.20897/femenc/19324